Zicci: A Tale — Volume 01 — Background and Themes

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Lytton, Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron, 1803-1873 Project Gutenberg 2005 Not confirmed
British -- Italy -- Fiction; Man-woman relationships -- Fiction; Paranormal fiction Readers of public-domain and historical texts
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Edition facts

Words 17,531
Reading time 77 min
Text sections 2

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In this first volume of Lytton's tale, a mysterious stranger in Naples explains a sudden chill as a supernatural visitation, while the young Englishman Glyndon becomes entangled with the actress Isabel, whose beauty is described amidst the languid southern setting.
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In the gardens at Naples, one summer evening in the last century, some four or five gentlemen were seated under a tree drinking their sherbet and listening, in the intervals of conversation, to the music which enlivened that gay and favorite resort of an indolent population. One of this little party was a young Englishman who had been the life of the whole group, but who for the last few moments had sunk into a gloomy and abstracted revery. One of his countrymen observed this sudden gloom, and tapping him on the back, said, "Glyndon, why, what ails you? Are you ill? You have grown quite pale; you tremble: is it a sudden chill? You had better go home; these Italian nights are often dangerous to our English constitutions."

"No, I am well now,--it was but a passing shudder; I cannot account for it myself."

A man apparently of about thirty years of age, and of a mien and countenance strikingly superior to those around him, turned abruptly, and looked steadfastly at Glyndon.

"I think I understand what you mean," said he,--"and perhaps," he added, with a grave smile, "I could explain it better than yourself." Here, turning to the others, he added, "You must often have felt, gentlemen,-- each and all of you,--especially when sitting alone at night, a strange and unaccountable sensation of coldness and awe creep over you; your blood curdles, and the heart stands still; the limbs shiver, the hair bristles; you are afraid to look up, to turn your eyes to the darker corners of the room; you have a horrible fancy that something unearthly is at hand. Presently the whole spell, if I may so call it, passes away, and you are ready to laugh at your own weakness. Have you not often felt what I have thus imperfectly described? If so, you can understand what our young friend has just experienced, even amidst the delights of this magical scene, and amidst the balmy whispers of a July night."

"Sir," replied Glyndon, evidently much surprised, "you have defined exactly the nature of that shudder which came over me. But how could my manner be so faithful an index to my impressions?"

"I know the signs of the visitation," returned the stranger, gravely; "they are not to be mistaken by one of my experience."

All the gentlemen present then declared that they could comprehend, and had felt, what the stranger had described. "According to one of our national superstitions," said Merton, the Englishman who had first addressed Glyndon, "the moment you so feel your blood creep, and your hair stand on end, some one is walking over the spot which shall be your grave."

"There are in all lands different superstitions to account for so common an occurrence," replied the stranger; "one sect among the Arabians hold that at that instant God is deciding the hour either of your death or that of some one dear to you. The African savage, whose imagination is darkened by the hideous rites of his gloomy idolatry, believes that the Evil Spirit is pulling you towards him by the hair. So do the Grotesque and the Terrible mingle with each other."

"It is evidently a mere physical accident,--a derangement of the stomach; a chill of the blood," said a young Neapolitan.

"Then why is it always coupled, in all nations, with some superstitious presentiment or terror,--some connection between the material frame and the supposed world without us?" asked the stranger. "For my part, I think--"

"What do you think, sir?" asked Glyndon, curiously.

"I think," continued the stranger, "that it is the repugnance and horror of that which is human about us to something indeed invisible, but antipathetic to our own nature, and from a knowledge of which we are happily secured by the imperfection of our senses."

"You are a believer in spirits, then?" asked Merton, with an incredulous smile.

"Nay, I said not so. I can form no notion of a spirit, as the metaphysicians do, and certainly have no fear of one; but there may be forms of matter as invisible and impalpable to us as the animalculae to which I have compared them. The monster that lives and dies in a drop of water, carniverous, insatiable, subsisting on the creatures minuter than himself, is not less deadly in his wrath, less ferocious in his nature, than the tiger of the desert. There may be things around us malignant and hostile to men, if Providence had not placed a wall between them and us, merely by different modifications of matter."

"And could that wall never be removed?" asked young Glyndon, abruptly. "Are the traditions of sorcerer and wizard, universal and immemorial as they are, merely fables?"

The narrative opens in a Naples garden, where a group of gentlemen, including the young Englishman Glyndon, experience a sudden, inexplicable shudder. A stranger among them, described as having a mien strikingly superior to the others, offers a precise explanation: this sensation is a known visitation, one he recognizes from his own experience. This moment establishes a pattern of uncanny phenomena that will recur throughout the volume, as the stranger's knowledge and Glyndon's susceptibility become central to the plot.

The story then shifts to Isabel, the actress, seated outside her door overlooking the Bay of Naples. The description lingers on the dolce far niente—the sweet idleness of the southern afternoon—and on Isabel's languorous beauty, her hair loosely gathered, her guitar set aside. The contrast between the public garden and this intimate seaside scene sets up a movement between social and private spaces that structures the early chapters.

The Shudder and the Stranger

The opening chapter hinges on a shared physiological experience: a sudden chill, a creeping awe, hair bristling, the heart standing still. The stranger not only names this sensation but claims to know its signs from his own experience, setting him apart from the other characters. The Englishman Merton offers a folk explanation—that someone is walking over your future grave—while the stranger cites Arab and African beliefs. This moment of collective unease, occurring in a setting of music and sherbet, introduces the supernatural as a tangible force that can interrupt even the most pleasant surroundings.

Glyndon's reaction is particularly strong: he grows pale, trembles, and cannot account for the shudder. The stranger's ability to read his symptoms suggests a deeper connection between them, one that will drive the narrative forward. The scene thus establishes a tension between rational explanation and occult knowledge, a tension that remains unresolved in this volume.

Isabel by the Sea

Chapter VII presents a striking tableau: the young actress seated outside her door, the sea before her, the cliffs of Virgil's tomb to the right. The description emphasizes stillness and sensuous detail—the guitar thrown aside, the manuscript unheeded, her hair loosely gathered under a purple kerchief. The narrator directly addresses the reader, insisting that only those who have experienced the dolce far niente of Naples can understand the sudden ripening of the heart under such skies.

This passage contrasts sharply with the earlier garden scene. Where the garden was social and male, the seaside is solitary and feminine. The narrator's intrusion—"Never till you have enjoyed it…"—breaks the fourth wall, inviting the reader to share in the atmosphere. The description of Isabel's dress, with its "tiny slipper" and "loose morning robe," emphasizes her vulnerability and allure, setting the stage for the romantic entanglement that the catalog subjects suggest will develop.

Gionetta's Gossip and Cultural Contrast

Isabel's nurse Gionetta provides a comic counterpoint, her sharp voice and exaggerated claims about the English—that they shoe their horses with steak and take gold as medicine—underscoring the cultural gap between the Italian characters and the visiting Englishmen. Her speech is peppered with exclamations like "cospetto!" and she addresses Isabel as "little pupil of my eyes." This earthy, loquacious figure grounds the story in a domestic reality that offsets the supernatural and romantic elements.

Gionetta's chatter also reveals the social expectations surrounding Isabel: she assumes the Englishman will want to marry, a prospect that seems both desirable and absurd. The nurse's hands are thrust into "bottomless pits" of pockets, a grotesque detail that contrasts with Isabel's delicate beauty. This juxtaposition of the sublime and the mundane is a recurring structural device in the volume, as high emotion is undercut by everyday concerns.

Movement Between Scenes

The narrative in this volume moves between three distinct settings: the public garden, the seaside house, and the implied interiors of Naples. Each shift is accompanied by a change in tone and focus. The garden is a space of conversation and collective experience; the seaside is a space of solitude and sensory immersion; the domestic scenes with Gionetta introduce humor and social commentary. This alternation prevents any single mood from dominating and keeps the reader engaged with multiple facets of the story.

Notably, the stranger from the garden does not appear in the seaside scene, leaving a gap in the narrative that suggests future connections. The excerpts do not reveal how Glyndon's pursuit of Isabel will intersect with the stranger's mysterious knowledge, but the structural pattern of juxtaposing public and private, male and female, rational and supernatural, hints at the tensions that will drive the tale forward.

Readers should pay attention to how the stranger's explanations and Glyndon's reactions are set against the lush descriptions of Naples. The volume establishes a world where the supernatural is not a distant possibility but an immediate, physical sensation. The contrast between the garden's sociability and Isabel's solitude, between Gionetta's gossip and the stranger's gravity, creates a layered narrative that rewards close attention to setting and voice.

That rainy afternoon, I kept returning to the chill that visits Lytton's Naples—how a sudden cold can feel like a presence. It reminded me, quietly, of another volume where strange weather and stranger visitors drift through ordinary rooms. I set one down and picked up the other, almost without deciding. Four Weird Tales — Key Ideas to Explore held the same hush, the same sense that something unseen had just passed the window.

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